> Bill T. writes..
> Bailey did studies on winter stores long ago and invert sugar leads to
> about a 15% winter loss of bees.
>
> my question..
> Bill could you provide a reference for this study?  If not perhaps the
> authors full name would get me to where I want to be.
>

Took me a while to find, but this is part of what I wrote long ago for our
State newsletter using the study-


>
> Bailey writing in the 1966 Journal of Apiculture Research on *The Effect
> of Acid-Hydrolyzed Sucrose on Honeybees* found that sucrose candy made
> through acid hydrolysis killed bees because of HMF. Heated (boiled) honey
> also killed bees through dysentery. Older honey (six years old) caused bee
> deaths. Crystallized honey which could not be fully liquefied by the bees
> also caused dysentery. Bailey also found that  Cream of Tartar added to
> sugar and water and boiled for 3 minutes  increased bee deaths  but not
> to the extent that acid hydrolyzed sucrose did. Other sugars that caused
> high numbers of bee deaths were unrefined (raw) sugar and partially refined
> sugar which would include brown and dark sugars.
>

I have the whole article somewhere, but the abstract is here

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00218839.1966.11100146

You can order the article.


Bill Truesdell
Bath, Maine

Bill Truesdell
Bath, Maine

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