Dr. Fell spoke at our county club recently, and some of his info on nosema c. was very interesting.  They have been looking at dna rather than spore counts, and found at least a few examples of colonies with low spore counts, but large amounts of nosema c. dna (he suggested that it is possible that nosema c. _might_ have an alternative life cycle that does not necessarily spore), and that some of the strongest hives had the most noseam c. dna present without apparent symptoms (and thus far have not collapsed...they are keeping an eye on them).

deknow

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