>Overall, this analysis is deeply flawed and tells us nothing.

I agree with this opinion generally. If the question is whether we should continue to fund the service I say we should and even increase the funding in order to improve it. There are contributors on this list that could design a study to find meaningful answers to the question of what is going on with AFB and EFB. I have not seen AFB in my colonys in well over a decade and admit that I have let my guard down as far as thorough inspection.  I have seen a few cases of what looks like EFB with some variation but so far it has always self corrected and not resulted in any colony death. I have used no antibiotic since the VFD became a requirement.  

So what do I learn from this, and so many other studies that rely on questionable statistics? What do I do if resistance is increasing in other operations or areas? If I don't have the problem is it a problem? Some practical advise along with the alarming headlines would be helpful.

Paul

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