>Most of us have seen women whose nipple tissue has been damaged by
cheap,
>commercial grade pumps that create negative pressure in excess of safe
>levels (vis a vis E. Egnell's research in the 50's).

This reminds me: the rationale for using commercial-grade pumps that I
was taught emphasized that better pumps have higher  pressure.  Cheaper
pumps, which often use much lower pressures, do more damage because they
have long (sometimes 1 minute or more) cycles (or in the case of hand
pumps, do not cycle).  The optimal pump function, which is most like the
baby's natural pattern, is fairly high pressure for a few seconds, then
release.  Cheaper pumps use less pressure but for longer periods of time,
which is more damaging to tissues.

Meine zwei pfennige,
Marcia McCoy, cold in Minnesota

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