Does the mom with the mouth discomfort have any visible signs of thrush? When I read cases like this, where physicians are (a) ignorent about fungal infections and/or (2) unwilling to learn, I get very upset. These days medical providers MUST (shouting!) know about it! It is major problem in the HIV population. Not only should one know how to recognize it (important symptom--deserves a DUH award), correct treatment is IMPERATIVE in the immune-compromised population since for those patients yeast can kill. In any case, it is darned uncomfortable... Just a thought: I notice there are many candida sites on the WWW, since research in this area has become important in the era of AIDS. Wouldn't it be great if LACTNET could cultivate a relationship with one of these researchers (a la Dr. Hale on pharmacology) to give us insight and (correct) information. I'm going to look around. If you know anyone in this field see what you can do. (Or if this is your field, speak up!) Margery Wilson, IBCLC Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts USA